How to build a water pipeline with tube floats?

The construction of a water pipeline supported by pipe floats is an effective way to transport fluids through water bodies such as lakes, rivers or reservoirs. This process requires careful planning and proper selection of components.

1. Design and planning
Start with a detailed design. Determine the length of the pipeline, the diameter of the pipes (dependent on the flow rate), and the type and number of floats. It is important to accurately calculate the buoyancy required to lift the weight of the pipes filled with water (or other medium), along with additional loads (e.g. settling silt, snow, equipment). You should also take into account the conditions of the water body - currents, waves, water level fluctuations, as well as potential external loads, e.g. wind or ice. Remember to anchor the pipeline on both banks.

2. Selecting components
Pipes: High-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes are most often used due to their flexibility, resistance to corrosion, UV radiation and ease of connection (most often by butt welding).
Pipe floats: These are special floats designed to be attached to pipes, often made of HDPE or other plastics. They should be resistant to mechanical damage, UV radiation and low temperatures. Choose floats with the right internal diameter to fit your pipes and with sufficient buoyancy.

Connectors and welders: To connect HDPE pipes, you will need appropriate welders (butt or electrofusion) and flanges and gaskets if the pipeline needs to be dismantled.

Anchoring system: Depending on the bottom and the forces acting on the pipeline, you will need anchors (concrete blocks, ground screws) and ropes or chains to attach them.

Additional elements: These can be valves, pumps, filters or flow monitoring systems.

3. Pipeline assembly
Assembly usually takes place on the shore or on special platforms.

Pipe welding: Individual sections of HDPE pipes are welded together on the shore, creating longer sections of the pipeline.
Float attachment: Floats are attached to welded pipe sections. They should be evenly spaced to ensure that the pipeline is stable and evenly lifted in the water. Remember to leave adequate gaps between the floats to avoid excessive pipe deflection.

Launching: The finished pipeline sections are gradually launched. This may require the use of cranes, boats or specialist vehicles.

Joining sections in the water: If the pipeline is very long and is installed in sections, the final connection is made in the water.

Anchoring: Once the pipeline is laid, it must be properly anchored to the bottom or banks to prevent it from moving due to currents or wind.

4. Testing and maintenance
Once the installation is complete, the pipeline should be tested for leaks. Regular maintenance, including checking the condition of the pipes, floats and fixings, will ensure long-term and trouble-free operation of the system.